{"id":1689,"date":"2022-12-10T12:44:38","date_gmt":"2022-12-10T17:44:38","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/positiveresonance.com\/staging\/1733\/?p=1689"},"modified":"2022-12-13T14:50:52","modified_gmt":"2022-12-13T19:50:52","slug":"forbidden-knowledge-the-fall-of-man","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/positiveresonance.com\/staging\/1733\/2022\/12\/10\/forbidden-knowledge-the-fall-of-man\/","title":{"rendered":"Forbidden Knowledge: What Caused the Fall of Man?"},"content":{"rendered":"

Introduction<\/h2>\n

According to Biblical legend, humanity was in a state of paradise until Adam and Eve ate fruit from the Tree of Knowledge of Good and Evil. Although this story is often taken literally, the narrative was written during a time period when much of the literature was metaphorical in nature. Many details suggest the story is symbolic, such as a talking snake, and the strange name of a tree with \u201cforbidden fruit.\u201d<\/p>\n

Assuming the story is symbolic, the Biblical account leaves room for various interpretations. Fortunately, there are other versions of the creation story that can be explored for additional insight. By investigating these accounts, we can get a clearer idea about what caused the fall of mankind. In doing so, we will not only be in a better position to understand the purpose of life but also the key to our own salvation.<\/p>\n

Christianity: The Fall of Man<\/h2>\n

\u201cThe serpent said to the woman: \u2018God knows that when you eat the fruit your eyes will be opened, and you will be like God, knowing good and evil.\u2019\u201d<\/em> \u2013 Genesis 3:4-5<\/p>\n

Introduction<\/h3>\n

Christianity\u2019s story of creation comes from Genesis, the first book of the Bible. Although its creation story is similar to that of ancient mythology (which we will explore shortly), Christianity has traditionally assumed that the creation story should be taken literally.<\/p>\n

However, the Bible\u2019s main euphemism for having sex is to \u201cknow\u201d another person, while the \u201cforbidden fruit\u201d grows on the Tree of \u201cKnowledge.\u201d This suggests that the knowledge that led to the fall of man might have been some sort of sex act. The question thus becomes: what type of behavior would have led to humanity\u2019s (temporary) downfall and why?<\/p>\n

The Christian Story of Creation and the Fall<\/h3>\n

Once upon of time, God created everything in the universe, including the planet Earth. God further created all living creatures, including Adam, the first man. The all occurred in six \u201cdays,\u201d and on the seventh day, God rested.<\/p>\n

Then God decided Adam needed a companion, and thus created the first woman (Eve) using a rib from Adam\u2019s body. Adam and Eve were instructed by God not to eat the fruit of the Tree of Knowledge of Good and Evil, with the consequence of doing so being death. (Note that this implies that Adam and Eve are immortal at this time.)<\/p>\n

At some point, the devil (in the form of a snake) comes to Eve and tells her that she will not<\/em> die by eating the fruit of the Tree of Knowledge. Instead \u2013 he claims \u2013 she will gain wisdom that will make her as powerful as God. Eve thus decides to eat the fruit, and then gives the fruit to Adam as well. For their disobedience, God exiles both from the Garden of Eden and places cherubim to guard the gates to prevent Adam and Eve from reentering.<\/p>\n

Because of Eve\u2019s disobedience, God \u201ccurses\u201d all future generations of womankind with the pain of childbirth. Adam, however, blames his actions on Eve and thus escapes any special punishment. After leaving the Garden of Eden, Adam and his wife have sex (Adam \u201cknows\u201d his wife\u201d), which results in the birth of their first son named Cain.<\/p>\n

Comments<\/h3>\n

Note that Adam and Eve did not have children until after being expelled from the garden. If we are to take this story literally, it implies that humans are only alive today because of the fall of man.<\/p>\n

Despite the fact that Adam and Eve both disobey God, only Eve (and all future women) are given a special punishment. This doesn\u2019t really make sense, but it does give the story a folk tale conclusion of \u201cthis is why women suffer pain during childbirth.\u201d<\/p>\n

In the Bible, we are told that after leaving the Garden of Eden, God gave Adam and Eve \u201ccoats of skin,\u201d which possibly symbolizes physical bodies. This suggests that the earliest humans may not have originally been physical beings (an idea that Christianity does not recognize).<\/p>\n

When God originally created man, he created male AND female. It is very clear that this happens before God created Eve. The Christian mythology offers no explanation for this apparent error in the storyline.<\/p>\n

This version does not explain where the serpent came from or why he (or she) is in the Garden of Eden. In general, there was no reason for an unconditionally loving God to have created a devil. The only explanation for the devil (in the Christian Bible) is found in the last book called Revelations, which states that a war broke out between the angels and a serpent, which resulted in the serpent being hurled down to Earth. But the serpent then declares war on the followers of Jesus, which means the serpent could not have been on Earth at the time of Adam and Eve (without using twisted logic).<\/p>\n

In the Hebrew text, the translation for \u201cGod\u201d is \u201cElohim,\u201d a word that can be either singular or plural. In Genesis, it states, \u201cAnd God said, Let US make man in our image.\u201d God also says \u201cBehold, the man is become as one of Us, to know good and evil.\u201d<\/em> The use of the word \u201cus\u201d implies that there was more than one god involved in the creation process. In Psalm 82 it states: \u201cFor ye are gods (Elohim), sons of the Most High.\u201d This would suggest that there is a hierarchy of gods, and the Creators of the Earth are offspring of the Supreme Being. The identity of the Elohim will be explored further in other versions of the creation myth.<\/p>\n

The word \u201ccherubim\u201d is a Hebrew word that is used to describe a type of angel. Christianity also recognizes the existence of Seraphim, archangels, and angels. While Christianity denies the existence of a hierarchy of gods, it does have a hierarchy of angels, which is potentially a derivation of the former. This would explain, for example, why Archangel Michael is the \u201cgod of protection\u201d and Archangel Raphael is the \u201cgod of healing.\u201d<\/p>\n

There is no explanation as to why the Tree of Knowledge is in the Garden of Eden in the first place. If it really was so important for Adam and Eve to not eat from it, then why is it in the garden? A possible explanation is that Adam and Eve did something that was \u201cwrong\u201d but inevitable. This detail could explain why Christianity sometimes claims human nature is sinful by default.<\/p>\n

Jewish Mysticism: The Fall of Man<\/h2>\n

Unfortunately, mankind is too blind and ignorant to truly understand the secrets of the Torah and realize that the \u2018beasts of the field and fowl of heaven\u2019 symbolize the \u2018unlearned.\u2019 \u2013 <\/em>paraphrased from The Zohar in English<\/em> by Tzvee Zahavy<\/p>\n

Introduction<\/h3>\n

Judaism and Christianity have similar creation stories (which in Judaism is found in their sacred book called the Torah). The Jewish mystics believe that the stories of the Bible are symbolic and must not be taken literally. To better understand the symbolism, the Jewish mystics have a book called the Zohar which provides interpretations of the Torah.<\/p>\n

In discussing the creation story, the Zohar does provide an explanation for the creation of evil. The idea presented is that God has a male and female aspect. The male aspect, symbolized by the sun, is the \u201cgreater light.\u201d The female aspect, symbolized by the moon, is the \u201clesser light.\u201d The \u201cmoon\u201d does not have its own light, but instead reflects the light of the \u201csun.\u201d Thus, the male aspect of God contains only light, while the female aspect contains both light and darkness (good and evil), depending on whether the female aspect is united with the male.<\/p>\n

The Jewish Creation Story and Fall of Man<\/h3>\n

The Supreme God created the heavens and Earth via the cooperation of its male and female aspects. The male aspect gave the command, and the female aspect \u201cbirthed\u201d the creation. At a certain point, the female aspect (called Elohim) attempted to make a creation without the male aspect of God. The result was the creation of a serpent (the devil), which contained no light.<\/p>\n

Meanwhile, God creates Adam, a human with both a male \u201cside\u201d and a female \u201cside.\u201d Adam is \u201cplanted\u201d by God in the Garden of Eden. Later, God cuts Adam in half to produce opposite sexes: a male (Adam) and a female (Eve). In the Garden of Eden, there is a Tree of Life (which makes humans immortal) and a Tree of Knowledge of Good and Evil (which leads to death).<\/p>\n

In the story, the serpent comes to Eve and convinces her to partake of the Tree of Knowledge, which is forbidden. Eve then convinces Adam to do the same. As a result, they are cast out of the Garden of Eden for disobedience, and thus become mortal. Due to Eve\u2019s role, womankind is forever more punished with menstruation.<\/p>\n

After leaving the Garden of Eden, Eve has sex with the demon Samuel, who comes to her while riding on the back of the serpent. This union resulted in the birth of Cain, who is 100% dark\/evil. Before Adam has repented for his transgression (of eating the fruit), he and Eve have sex, which results in the birth of Abel (who is half good and half evil). Later Cain becomes jealous of Abel\u2019s wife and murders Abel.<\/p>\n

After Adam repents for disobeying God, he and Eve have sex again. The resulting child is the reincarnation of Abel. This time, he is 100% good, and is called Seth. The offspring of Cain become the Gentiles.<\/p>\n

Later, the children of Cain (AKA the sons of God or the Nephilim) have sex with the progeny of Adam (the daughters of men) to produce the \u201cmixed multitudes.\u201d The serpent also creates offspring from itself which become demons.<\/p>\n

Comments<\/h3>\n

In the Zohar, Adam is said to represent the nation of Israel. The Tree of Life represents the Torah (i.e. righteous living). The Tree of Knowledge of Good and Evil represent the Gentiles. The garden represents heaven (a reward for righteous living). In ancient times, being cast out of the Garden of Eden symbolized the Jews being taken captive by other nations.<\/p>\n

The Zohar points out that menstruation as a process that keeps women temporarily separated from their husbands. Orthodox Judaism believes that it is a spiritual necessity for a woman to be united with a husband. Thus, the punishment handed to Eve by God could be perceived as spiritual in nature.<\/p>\n

One major break from Christianity is this version\u2019s claim that Cain\u2019s father was the devil or a demon (as opposed to Adam). This hints at the fact that Eve\u2019s consumption of the fruit and her sexual union with the \u201cdemon\u201d are actually the same event.<\/p>\n

The explanation of how evil came into existence appears to use \u201cbackwards logic.\u201d Specifically, the nature of the creation (the moon) is used to explain the nature of the creator (the female aspect of God). Therefore, we are left with the assumption that a part of God must be intrinsically evil. The fact that the god of the Torah is a jealous God is evidence of this theory.<\/p>\n

The Wisdom of the Serpent<\/h2>\n

\u201cBe ye therefore as wise as serpents\u201d<\/em> \u2013 Jesus Christ in the Gospel of Matthew<\/em><\/p>\n

The serpent is a symbol that is found in practically every culture and belief system, ancient and modern. Many of these beliefs systems \u2013 from the Druids to Native Americans to the ancient Egyptians \u2013 do not consider the serpent to be inherently evil. Instead, the serpent is often worshipped as an aspect of God.<\/p>\n

In some traditions, such as in ancient Egypt, it is understood that the serpent can represent both the higher wisdom of God, or man\u2019s lower nature, depending on how the \u201cserpent power\u201d is used. Even Moses used a rod which could magically transform into a serpent, indicating that serpent power could be a force for good. It is vital, therefore, to be able to distinguish good from evil, which (presumably) was the symbolical meaning of the Tree of Knowledge.<\/p>\n

As long as we adhere to the principle of \u201cby their fruits you shall know them,\u201d we can rightfully discern between good and evil. In practical terms, any practice that further separates us from God is \u201cevil,\u201d while practices which bring us closer to God are spiritual in nature. And if we agree that God is actually our own Divine Nature (from which we have been temporarily disconnected at the conscious level), we can truly understand the ancient maxim: \u201cKnow Thyself.\u201d<\/p>\n

Consider once again the phrase \u201cby your fruits<\/em> you shall know<\/em> them.\u201d The words \u201cfruit\u201d and \u201cknow\u201d both relate to the symbol of the fruit of the Tree of Knowledge. From a spiritual standpoint, the ability to discern is a vital part of the spiritual path and should not be considered to be \u201cforbidden fruit.\u201d\u00a0 This is precisely the idea behind the Gnostic Christian version of the fall of man, which we will investigate next.<\/p>\n

Gnostic Christianity: Salvation Via the Word<\/h2>\n

\u201cAnd when he saw the innumerable amount of angels that had come from him, he said to them, \u2018I am a jealous God, and there is no other God beside me.\u2019 But by announcing this, the angels knew there was another God. If there were no other god, why would he be jealous?\u201d<\/em> \u2013 The Apocryphon of John<\/em><\/p>\n

Introduction<\/h3>\n

The Gnostics were a group of people who believed that salvation depended on a direct experience (knowledge) of God, rather than faith in God. As with Greek mythology, the Gnostic mythology was never codified and thus there are multiple accounts of the creation story. The Gnostics movement originated from before the birth of Christ, and many early Christians adopted their beliefs.<\/p>\n

Because of their unorthodox beliefs (by contemporary standards), the only Gnostic texts to be included in the Christian Bible were the Gospel of John and the Book of Revelation. For the record: significant portions of the Book of Revelation are known to have been copied from the Sibylline Books, which are a collection of prophesies made by the oracle Herophile (who lived around 500 B.C.)<\/p>\n

The following narrative of the fall of man is a variation of one of the most popular Christian Gnostic versions, taken from the Apocryphon of John<\/em>. Although this version would now be deemed heretical, the Gnostics were a major faction of Christianity during the early days of this religion.<\/p>\n

Salvation via the Word of God<\/h3>\n

Once upon a time, the Supreme Being (the Divine Father) created the Divine Mother and granted her the attributes of Forethought, Foreknowledge, Indestructibility, Eternal Life, and Truth. Then the Divine Father and Divine Mother created the Divine Son, the Christ \u201cLight.\u201d This Christ Light ruled over several \u201ckingdoms,\u201d including those named Peace, Love, and Wisdom. At some point, the Christ Light united with Divine Will (the Divine Father) to create a Divine Adam on the spiritual plane. Divine Adam rules over the \u201cFirst Realm.\u201d<\/p>\n

Divine Wisdom (AKA Sophia) sees the creation of Divine Adam and attempts to make a similar creation without uniting with a consort. As a result, her creation (who is named Yaldabaoth) is flawed, and her own Light is dimmed in the process.<\/p>\n

Yaldabaoth later creates a host of angels \u2013 also without a consort \u2013 so his creations are also flawed. He shares his own light\/fire with these angels and establishes himself as Lord over them. Yaldabaoth then creates an Earth Kingdom and (Earth) Adam, which are based on the likenesses of the Divine Adam and the First Realm of Christ.<\/p>\n

Meanwhile, when Sophia realizes that her creation is flawed, she repents and prays to the Supreme Being. The Supreme Being restores the light of Sophia, and implants the light of Sophia within Adam. The presence of Sophia makes Adam shine brightly, and Yaldabaoth realizes that his creation has become more powerful than himself. He tries to pull the light out of Adam, but instead pulls out the form of a woman (Eve).<\/p>\n

Yaldabaoth, who is jealous of the light, tries to entrap Adam and Eve in the Garden of Eden. This paradise is filled with pleasure, and the Tree of Life produces the seeds of desire. But the serpent comes to rescue Adam by persuading him to eat from the Tree of Knowledge of Good and Evil; as a result, Adam gains Divine Thought.<\/p>\n

Yaldabaoth, who does not give up easily, casts Adam and Eve out of paradise and clothes them in coats of \u201cforgetfulness\u201d (physical bodies). Yaldabaoth also creates sexual lust so that humans will replicate. As Eve is preparing to consummate her marriage with Adam, Yaldabaoth decides to seduce Eve. This prompts the Supreme Being to pull the Divine Light (Sophia) out of Eve. Yaldabaoth and Eve have sex, which results in the birth of Cain and Abel (who become demi-gods). Later, human children are produced via Adam and Eve, and Yaldabaoth breathes his false light into them.<\/p>\n

Yaldabaoth and his demons then collectively rape Sophia. This produces an immense fate of suffering, ignorance, oppression and evil upon humankind. When Yaldabaoth sees the wickedness that this has produced in humanity, he finally realizes he has gone too far. As repentance, he sends a flood to wipe out the wicked human race.<\/p>\n

Divine Forethought (an aspect of the Divine Mother) warns the righteous Noah, and he \u201chides in a cloud\u201d to escape the flood. After the flood, Noah\u2019s offspring propagate the human race once more.<\/p>\n

Yaldabaoth, as always, wants to make humans forget the Supreme Being and only worship him. Therefore, Yaldabaoth sends his demons to Earth, who turn themselves into humans to marry the descendants of Noah. (These are the Sons of God who marry the daughters of men.) This causes humanity to remain enslaved to the false God. Finally, the \u201conly begotten son of God\u201d (the Christ Light) is born on Earth. The mission of the Christ is to spread the Word of the true God in order to free humanity from their spiritual enslavement.<\/p>\n

Comments<\/h3>\n

In Gnosticism, the fall of man is the result of a power struggle between giving and taking light\/knowledge from humans. This idea may have come from Greek mythology, which we will explore next. Note that the Gnostics believed the serpent represented Christ, who came to save humanity from their entrapment to the false God.<\/p>\n

From a logical standpoint, some of the loose ends from the conventional version have been tied up. For example, we learn why God was jealous, and why eating from the fruit of the Tree of Knowledge was forbidden.<\/p>\n

However, we still don\u2019t know why the Tree of Knowledge was in the garden, and the addition of a second light (the light of Christ in addition to the light of Sophia) creates a confusing storyline. Additionally, the Apocryphon of John<\/em> makes no mention as to when Adam and Eve become mortal or why. In contrast, the Gnostic Gospel of Phillip<\/em> claims that Adam and Eve became mortal when the two were physically split apart, and will become immortal when the two once again become “one.”<\/p>\n

Greek Mythology: The Fall and Salvation of Humanity<\/h2>\n

\u201cBut the woman took off the great lid of the jar with her hands and\u2026caused sorrow and mischief to men.\u201d<\/em> \u2013 from Works and Days<\/em> by Hesod<\/p>\n

Introduction<\/h3>\n

The stories of Greek mythology predate the creation of the Bible and appear to have influenced both Jewish and Christian mythology. If we were to look at the individual stories separately, Greek mythology would appear to be a random set of adventures (and misadventures) of heroes and pagan gods. But when these narratives are combined, we find an extremely intricate story of the beginnings of the universe. Greek mythology also includes the fall of man, which we will examine via the tales of Pandora, Persephone, and Prometheus.<\/p>\n

Pandora, the First Human Woman<\/h3>\n

In Greek mythology, Prometheus stole fire from the Gods and gave it to humans. This angered Zeus, so he orders the creation of the first human woman, named Pandora. Pandora is gifted to the human Epimetheus, who was previously warned by Prometheus not to accept any gifts from the gods. For Pandora\u2019s wedding, the gods cunningly give her a clay jar containing all the evils which currently plague humanity. Out of curiosity, Pandora opens the jar, which releases all evil into the world. Thus ends the golden age of humanity, and the beginning of all of humanity\u2019s troubles.<\/p>\n

Comments<\/h3>\n

In this version of the story, a certain god gives humans fire (which symbolizes knowledge), for which another god punishes humanity by plaguing them with evil. Note that this is similar to the Biblical account in which humans are punished after acquiring some sort of knowledge. I.e., just as eating the fruit caused exile from paradise, opening the jar led to the end of the golden age for humanity.<\/p>\n

One intriguing detail of the story is that a woman opens the jar instead of the gods simply plaguing humanity directly. This suggests that the Greeks also believed that a woman (or whatever the woman symbolized) was directly responsible for the fall of man.<\/p>\n

The Abduction of Persephone<\/h3>\n

Persephone was the only daughter of the goddess Demeter. When Persephone was abducted into the underworld by Hades to be his wife, Demeter became distraught and subsequently abandoned her duties as the goddess of fertility. As a result, all plants, trees, and crops on Earth stopped growing.<\/p>\n

To resolve this situation, Zeus ordered his messenger-god Hermes to rescue Persephone. Hermes is successful, but he is too late to prevent Persephone from eating a pomegranate seed (which obliged her to remain in the underworld forever). Zeus arranges a compromise that allows Persephone to spend half the year in the human realm and the remainder of her time in the underworld. During the time that Persephone is in the human realm, Demeter is happy and thus the flowers bloom and the crops grow (springtime and summer). When Persephone is in the underworld, Demeter grieves and the Earth enters the fall and winter seasons.<\/p>\n

Comments<\/h3>\n

On a superficial level, this story is a folk-tale explanation for the seasons of the year. And like most Greek mythology, the source of drama is likely derived from astronomical events. In this particular case, Persephone appears to represent the constellation Virgo, which disappears in the winter. Yet it is hard to overlook the detail of the pomegranate and how it is related to \u201cforbidden fruit\u201d in the Garden of Eden. The consequence for eating the pomegranate could symbolize the action that initiated humanity\u2019s cycle of death and reincarnation, with the underworld representing a soul\u2019s time of incarnation in the physical world.<\/p>\n

The Salvation of Prometheus<\/h3>\n

Prometheus was a Titan who argued with Zeus over the unfair treatment of humans. In particular, Prometheus was against Zeus taking “fire” away from the humans. Deciding to take matters into his own hands, Prometheus returns fire to humans behind Zeus\u2019 back (as was discussed in the earlier story concerning Pandora). This angers Zeus, who punishes Prometheus by chaining him to a rock. As part of the punishment, an eagle comes every day to tear out Prometheus\u2019 liver, and every night his liver grows back. Finally, Prometheus is rescued by the hero Hercules, whom Prometheus had previously helped when Hercules was completing one of his seemingly impossible tasks.<\/p>\n

Comments<\/h3>\n

The name Prometheus translates into English as \u201cforethought,\u201d which is one of the attributes of the Divine Mother of the Gnostic creation story. In contrast, the name of Pandora\u2019s husband Epimetheus translates to \u201cafterthought\u201d (i.e., somebody who doesn\u2019t think ahead).<\/p>\n

The word liver literally means \u201cone who lives\u201d in several languages (not just in English). The life and death of the liver symbolizes the cycle of reincarnation, which is escaped with the help of the savior figure Hercules. From a spiritual perspective, Hercules represents the part of self that passes through the various stages of spiritual initiations in order to ultimately free oneself from the cycle of reincarnation.<\/p>\n

Overall, the stories of Greek mythology reveal a pattern that is very similar to those of Judaism and Christianity (which were created later). The shared concepts include:<\/p>\n